Phytophthora megakarya
Black pod rot, caused by Phytophthora megakarya, is the main cause of cocoa losses in Cameroon.A few studies have focused on describing black pod epidemics in cocoa yet numerous questions remain. Here, an epidemiological model describing the temporal evolution of cocoa black pod, taking into account the development stages of …Phytophthora megakarya, on the other hand, occurs only in Africa, but represents a major threat to cacao production, the countries of West Africa being the largest producers of cacao in the world ...
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Phytophthora megakarya was first designated as the species P. palmivora MF3 ( Griffin, 1977) or P. palmivora L type and was described in 1979 as causing a ...En Cote d'Ivoire, l'apparition de Phytophthora megakarya dans la zone Est du verger de cacaoyers s'est traduite par un accroissement substantiel des pertes de recolte dues a la pouniture brune des cabosses. Dans cette region, le niveau des pertes qui etaient estimees a 10 % en moyenne avec Phytophthora palmivora, varient actuellement de 30 a 45 %.Phytophthora species produce a protein that has a similar sequence to the NEP1 of Fusarium oxysporium. Multiple copies of NEP1 orthologues have been identified in a P. megakarya strain and in four other Phytophthora species (P. citrophthora, P. capsici, P. palmivora and P. sojae) (Bae et al., 2005).In Ghana, Phytophthora palmivora and P. megakarya are the main causes of black pod disease of cocoa (Dakwa, 1988;Luterbacher and Akrofi, 1993; Opoku et al, 1999). Research has shown that the ...
Nana WL, Eke P, Fokom R, Bakanrga-Via I, Begoude D, Tchana T et al (2015) Antimicrobial activity of syzygium aromaticum and zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides essential oils against phytophthora megakarya. J Phytopathol 163:632-641. Article CAS Google ScholarKey words: diallel, leaf test, Phytophthora megakarya, resistance, Theobroma cacao L. Summary Cocoa pod rot, caused by differentPhytophthoraspecies, is rife in all production zones.Phytophthoraspp ...Jan 1, 2015 · Phytophthora megakarya is the most aggressive and can cause between 60 and 100 % crop loss (Djiekpor et al. 1981; Dakwa 1988). In contrast, P. palmivora is less aggressive and can cause crop losses of 4·9–19 % (Blencowe and Wharton 1961; Dakwa 1984); this species is more aggressive than P. capsici (Lawrence et al. 1982). Phytophthora on cocoa pods. Adebola and Amadi (2011, 2012) reported using the fungi Aspergillus sp., Paecilomyces sp. and Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. isolated from rhizosphere soils, to control black pod in the field. megakarya These antagonists/agents provide beneficial protective effects by using different mechanisms of suppression and54 the black pod disease caused by Phytophthora spp. Two of the several species of the black pod 55 pathogen namely P. palmivora and P. megakarya have been identified as the causal agent of the 56 disease in Nigeria. P. palmivora (less than 20% distribution) and P. megakarya (over 80% 57 distribution) occur on cacao in Nigeria (3, 6-12).
608 Productivity and cocoa/Phytophthora megakarya interaction Journal of Plant Pathology (2010), 92 (3), 607-617 Trinidad before being distributed widely to other coun-tries; Cameroon included (Eskes and Lanaud, 1997). Field observation of cocoa pod invasion by P. megakarya have revealed the existence of partial geneti- cally heritable tolerance (Despréaux et al., 1989).Flavonoids are phenolic compounds involved in defense mechanisms against black pod disease (BPD). Crossing between Forastero and Trinitario-resistant cocoa genotypes usually produce resistant progenies with high contents of bioactive components. This study aims at analyzing flavan-3-ol and flavonol content in the defense against P. megakarya in T. cacao genotypes for their potential selection ... ….
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Introduction. Until 1985, Phytophthora palmivora was the only known causal agent for Phytophthora pod rot (black pod) disease in Ghana. The appearance of Phytophthora megakarya in 1985 in Ghana added a new dimension to the disease complex of cocoa in the country.Phytophthora disease incidence and crop losses vary from one locality and farm to another (Akrofi et al., 1997) and also fluctuate ...For example, the species of Phytophthora fungus (Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora megakarya, and Phytophthora capsici) cause black rod/pod rot, which leads to a 20–30% loss in yield and 10% mortality …
Premise of the study: Phytophthora megakarya is the agent of black pod disease of cacao and is the main pathogen of this crop in Africa. Population genetic studies are required to investigate how this pathogen emerged. To this end, we developed 12 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for P. megakarya.This dataset contains a compilation of Phytophthora species found in sub-Saharan Africa. The primary source of data for Phytophthora species recorded in this …Phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of Chromolaena odorata extracts against isolate of Phytophthora megakarya using agar-well diffusion method. AI Adeyemi, OI Vincent, OM Olujenyo. Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 4 …
rebecca wetzel Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) black pod rot, caused by oomycetes Chromista Phytophthora megakarya is the major constraint to cocoa production in Cameroon, causing substantial yield losses (up to 100%). As mean to alter the yield shortage, priority is given to chemical fungicides, though Arbuscular Mycorrhizals Fungi (AMF) have been pointed out to ... texas tech kansas footballaccredited dsw programs online Cacao black pod rot (BPR), caused by Phytophthora megakarya is the most important cacao disease in Cameroon. Biocontrol of this disease using an oil-based formulation of Trichoderma asperellum PR11 provided more consistent and long-lasting protection of cacao pods under laboratory and experimental plot conditions. The objective of this study was to test this formulation under farmer field ... kansas jayhawks football shirts L'introduction d'especes exotiques dans un nouvel environnement constitue l'une des principales causes d'emergence d'agents pathogenes des plantes, a l'origine d'invasions biologiques. C'est le cas de la pourriture brune des cabosses causee par Phytophthora megakarya, a la suite de l'introduction du cacaoyer en Afrique. Cet agent pathogene est endemique a l'Afrique et l'hypothese la plus ...Phytophthora megakarya Taxonomy ID: 4795 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid4795) current name. Phytophthora megakarya. type material of Phytophthora megakarya: ATCC:42100, CBS:238.83, IMI:202077. NCBI BLAST name: downy mildews Rank: species Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) september birth flower tattoo with namejackie hoyt basketballantonyms of suddenly Phytophthora megakarya appears to be confined to West Africa (Zentmeyer, 1987), where it is the most common species of Phytophthora causing black pod disease of cocoa. Theobroma cacao (cocoa) is indigenous to the New World and ranges from southern Mexico in the north to Brazil and Bolivia in the south. The centre of origin is considered to be ... performance evaluation process 最新の フィトフトラ・メガカリヤ Phytophthora Megakarya 科学ニュース、研究レビュー、学術記事。 Academic Accelerator による最も完全な百科事典。 フィトフトラ・メガカリヤ Phytophthora Megakarya - 最新の科学ニュース、研究レビュー、学術論文。 wrefordnordstrom rack men's coatsdr hashim raza Figure 1: The life cycle of Phytophthora megakarya highlighting the main spores type and describing infection process on cocoa pod (modi ed from [1]). showed that susceptibility and the risk of attack depends among others on the developmental stage of cocoa pods [18, 35]. The growth cycle of a cocoa pod can be divided into three phases: an